Ladle



(N M a 1. o o e W. HAINSWOR TH. 2 Sheets Sheet 1 LADLB.

Patented Feb. 25

Win: an 66.

AND?! E CFAfAM FHOTO'LMO WASHINGTON 0C (No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. HAINSWORTH.

LADL'B.

No. 555,317. xPatnted'f'eb 25, 1896.

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B GRANADA. PHUYOUT-HD WASHINGTON NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

W'ILLIAM HAINSYVORTH, OF EST SEATTLE, TVASHINGTON.

LADLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 555,317, dated February25, 1896.

Application filed A g st 1 13951 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LWILLIAM HAINswoRTH, a citizen of the United States,residing at West Seattle, in the county of King and State of ashington,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ladles; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to ladles for receiving and transporting moltenmetal, and is especially designed for use in connection with aBessemer-steel plant, although capable of being advantageously used inconnection with any other kind of plant.

It consists essentially of a cylinder having hollow trunnions on eachend placed to one side, so that the hollow of the trunnion may drain theladle when turned so that the trunnions are down. The whole is mountedupon a truck for convenience of transportation.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the ladle in position topour a steel ingot. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same, showing alsomechanism for rotating the ladle. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectionalview of the ladle ready to charge a Bessemer converter. Fig. i is alateral section of the ladle. Fig. 5 is a similar section showing thestopper or plug in place.

My ladle consists of a cylinder A, having a lining a of some materialwhich is well adapted to resist the action of hot metal. It is mountedupon a truck 0 as a convenient means for transporting it from place toplace. It is supported in this truck by trunnions T upon each end. Thesetrunnions are hollow and are also lined with a fire-resisting material.These trunnions are so placed at one side of the head that the entirecontents of the ladle may be run out through them by rotating thecylinder upon these trunnions until they are upon the lower side. Theladle is charged by pouring through the funnel B, attached to one sideof the cylinder. This funnel is so placed that its neck or communicatingpassage 1) lies in the middle of Serial No. 559,178 (No model.)

the length of the cylinder and a little to one side of the lineconnecting the trunnions.

Fastened to the outside of the cylinder are the eyes or staples D towhich may be attached the hooks upon the cables d and (1. These areattached from opposite sides, one of the cables passing about thecylinder. They are carried up in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2 andare attached to any kind of hoisting apparatus desired. I have hereinshown them as operated by a device consisting of the overheadidler-pulleys E and the winding apparatus E, which consists of a drumoperated by a worm and gear, 6 being the shaft carrying the worm andwhich may be turned by being connected in any convenient manner to anysuitable motor. I have shown this device as mounted upon a truck, whichenables it to be used at any point reached by its track. Only the frontend of this truck is shown It may, if desired, carry self-propellingmeans and act as a locomotive to propel itself and the ladle whereverdesired.

here it is desired to do the pouring always at the same place, a fixedhoisting device may be built having a drum over the track and a shaftconnected to some powersupply at one side. This has been indicated bydotted lines in Fig. 1. The hoisting cables or chains, if their use ispreferred, should be attached to the hoisting-drum in such a way thatone part will unwind as the other part winds up.

The ladle having been placed in the position where it is desired to pourits contents, it is rotated upon its trunnions by hoisting upon thecable (I, which has been passed under the ladle and attached to the eyeD. This gradually raises the level of the metal in the ladle withoutraising the outlets through the trunnions through which the metal willrun, until, when the ladle has reached the position shown in dottedlines in Figs. 2 and 4, the metal has all run out, or a suitable gage orgages may be placed on end of cylinder to show the amount of metaltherein at any time.

hen the cable dis attached to the eye D, the cable (1 is also attachedat the same point,

and as the cylinder is rotated it is wound about it. It steadies thecylinder and prevents its being rotated too far, and also secures itspositive return. The charging-opening 1) being to one side of thetrunnions, the metal will not run out thereat unless the rotation of thecylinder has been so fast that the trunnions cannot carry off the metalwith sufficient rapidity.

In Fig. 1 the device is shown as it would be used in pouring steelingots, the ingot-mold being shown at G mounted upon a truck running ona track alongside. A similar track is shown at the other end of theladle, and two ingots may be poured at the same time from oppositetrunnions. lVhen it is desired to pour from one end only, one of thetrunnions must be stopped, as shown in Fig. 3. This figure and Fig. 4show the ladle as it would be used in charging a Bessemer converter. Inthis case it is more convenient to have it mounted upon the trucks inthe op posite way from that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, which figures showthe ladle as mounted for pouring ingots or castings of any kind.

In Fig. 3 the end of the converter, which has been turned horizontally,is shown at H, and one trunnion of the ladle has been inserted in themouth of the converter. As the ladle is rotated the metal will flow intothe converter, and as the end of the trunnion is entirely within themouth of the converter there can be no spilling of the metal.

In usin g this ladle for pouring ingots or general castings there willbe much less danger of spilling metal than with an ordinary opentopladle of the pot style, as the lip from which the metal flows has nomotion and the pour is all the time from a fixed point.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a curved spout I, connecting the trunnion and thetop of the ingot-mold.

A lug F (shown in Fig. 2) is attached to each end of the cylinder andrests upon the frame of the truck and prevents its swinging farther thanit should on the return.

The funnel B,for use in charging the ladle,is removable therefrom, andwhen charged and before pouring it should be removed and the plug P ofFig. 5 substituted therefor. This plug has its outer surface conformingto the outer surface of the cylinder, and is held securely in place by abar R, whose ends are placed under staples R on each side of theopening. A wedge P driven between this bar and the outer surface of theplug holds the plug securely to its seat. A vent-hole S through the plugpermits the air and gas to pass, as may be necessary. This vent-holeshould be placed in the edge of the hole farthest removed from thetrunnions.

This ladle being entirely inclosed, will retain the metal in a fluidstate longer than an open-top ladle will, and will thus give moreopportunity to make such additions as may be needed to produce the exactquality of metal desired. Being mounted upon a truck, it may be easilytaken wherever desired and does not require heavy and expensive cranesto lift and transport it.

The power necessary to be applied to the cable in order'to rotate theladle is much less than the weight of the metal, the trunnions at alltimes supporting not less than half of the weight of the ladle andcontents. The center of gravity of the ladle varies from a point nearlyunder the trunnions when pouring commences to a point equal to thedistance of the center of the cylinder from the center of the trunnionswhen the trunniondiameter is horizontal. The leverage of the cable torotate the cylinder at the same time varies from the radius of theoutside surface of the cylinder to nearly its diameter, being greatestwhen the center of gravity of the cylinder is farthest removedhorizontally from the trunnions. Moreover, the weight to be lifted isconstantlybeing lessened as the pouring progresses. The lifting poweralso acts through a distance equal to the semicircumference of thecylinder (and with a constantlydecreasing load to be lifted) instead ofthe diameter, as would be necessary in a dead-lift, and as a consequencethe force at any time is smaller than it would otherwise be. In pouring,also, two ingots or whatever article is being cast can be poured atonce, thus doubling the capacity of the ladle. The stream of moltenmetal is always a steady even stream and is at all times under perfectcontrol. There is no leakage due to a stopper not fitting a holeclosely. The metal is all put into the mold where wanted and the ingotsall made of uniform size.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A ladle consisting of a hollow cylinder having a refractory lining, acharging-opening upon one side, and trunnions upon its opposite headsand to one side thereof and substantially in line with the innerhorizontal wall of the cylinder, one of said trunnions being hollow andforming a pouring-opening, substantially as described.

2. A ladle consisting of a hollow cylinder having hollow trunnionsplaced at one side of the heads and through which the pouring is done,and a charging-opening in the side of the cylinder placed a little toone side of the line of the trunnions, substantially as shown anddescribed.

8. The combination with a ladle consisting of a hollow cylinder havinghollow trunnions placed to one side of the heads, and through which thepouring is done, and a truck having bearings for said trunnions, of aneye or staple fixed to the cylinder, 2. cable adapted to be passedaround the cylinder and attached to said eye, and means for hauling inon said cable and thus rotating the cylinder upon its ing' said cylinderupon its trunnions, substan- IO trunnions, substantially as shown anddetially as shown and described.

scribed. In testimony whereof I affix my signature 4. A 1adle consistingof a hollow cylinder in presence of two witnesses.

haying hollow trunnions placed to one side I, T v

of the heads, and a charging-opening in one WILLIAM HAIL side of thecylinder and a little to one side of Vitnesses:

the line of the trunnions a plug for closing FRANK B. WIESTLING,

said charging-opening, and means for rotat- JOHN H. L. TODD.

